Under treatment of pain is frequently reported in children even in conditions associated with severe pain such as fractures. Recent literature supports adequate and early pain treatment because extreme and uncontrolled pain can lead to hyperalgesia. Since 2017, the treatment of pediatric orthopedic cases in the “Meir” Medical Center was gradually shifted from the orthopedic general emergency department to the pediatric emergency department. The objective was to examine the differences in pain management between the orthopedic and pediatric emergency departments. Upper limb fractures were chosen as a representing case. This retrospective cohort study included children aged 0–18 years that suffered from an upper limb fracture and were admitted to the emergency department in the years 2016 and 2018. In our study, a total of 2520 children suffered from an upper limb fracture and were treated at the Meir Medical Center during the study period. 959 of these children were treated during 2016 in the general emergency department, and 1561 were treated in the pediatric emergency department during 2018. The group characteristics were similar. In the pediatric emergency department compared to general emergency department group, more children received analgesic treatment (47.85% versus 30.4%, p < .001), more opiates were given (13.9% versus 5.3%, p < .001), and the analgesic treatment was more adequate to pain severity. Additionally, sedation was performed more frequently in the pediatric emergency department (21.6% versus 9.5%, p < .001), especially for dislocated fractures (81.5% versus 31.4%, p < .001). Complications: Length of stay, surgery, hospitalization, and recurrent referral rates were similar between the two groups.
