FOXO3 is targeted by miR-223-3p and promotes osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells by enhancing autophagy

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a promising regenerative medicine. The roles of miRNAs in osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow MSCs (BM-MSCs) remained less reported. Forkhead Box O3 (FOXO3) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels in the BM-MSCs were measured on 3, 7, and 14 days after osteogenic differentiation. After transfection of FOXO3 overexpression plasmids or siFOXO3 into BM-MSCs, factors related to osteogenic differentiation or cell autophagy were determined. Besides, 3-methyladenine or rapamycin, as well as miR-223-3p mimic or inhibitor were applied to further determine the effect of FOXO3 in BM-MSCs. FOXO3 and ALP levels were increased in a time-dependent manner with osteogenic differentiation, supported by Alizarin Red Staining. Furthermore, up-regulated FOXO3 increased levels of ALP and factors related to osteogenic differentiation by increasing levels of autophagy-related factors. FOXO3, targeted by miR-223-3p, reversed the effects of miR-223-3p on factors related to BM-MSC autophagy and osteogenic differentiation. Down-regulated miR-223-3p expression promoted osteogenic differentiation of BM-MSCs by enhancing autophagy via targeting FOXO3, suggesting the potential of miR-223-3p as a therapeutic target for enhancing bone functions.