MTHFR gene polymorphism in acute lymphoblastic leukemia among North Indian children: a case–control study and meta-analysis updated from 2011

Studies on the association of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) genotype in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) have yielded conflicting results. The present study examines this association in north Indian children with ALL and includes an updated meta-analysis. MTHFR (677 and 1298) genotype of children with ALL and healthy adult controls were done by the PCR–restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method and were compared using various models of inheritance. A total of 150 patients and 300 controls were included. The 677T allele was found protective (odds ratio (OR) 0.21, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.04–0.94), whereas 1298C allele led to an increase in risk (OR 4.44, 95% CI 2.19–8.99) of childhood ALL. Meta-analysis included 31 and 27 studies examining the association of 677 and 1298 genotypes, respectively. The 677 C→T polymorphism was protective (OR 0.90, 95% CI 0.82–0.99). Protection was more pronounced in folate-sufficient populations as compared with those not covered by folate fortification guidelines. The 1298A→C polymorphism was associated with a marginal increase in risk (OR 1.19, 95% CI 1.01–1.40).