Paneth cells, antimicrobial peptides and maintenance of intestinal homeostasis

被引：0
作者：
Charles L. Bevins
Nita H. Salzman
机构：
[1] University of California,Department of Microbiology and Immunology
[2] Davis School of Medicine,Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics
[3] Medical College of Wisconsin,undefined
[4] and Children's Research Institute,undefined
[5] Medical College of Wisconsin,undefined
来源：
Nature Reviews Microbiology | 2011年 / 9卷
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摘要：
The intestinal microbiota is important for many physiological functions and contributes to host defence by providing resistance to colonization by pathogens and through effects on the mucosal immune system.Paneth cells are specialized secretory epithelial cells that are located in the small intestinal crypts and produce a diverse group of antimicrobial, immune system-stimulating and trophic molecules.Paneth cells have several essential roles for the maintenance of immune homeostasis, such as regulating the composition of the intestinal microbiota, defending against intestinal pathogens and supporting the function of crypt epithelial stem cells.Antimicrobial α-defensins are essential effectors that are produced and secreted by Paneth cells. These effectors modulate acquired immunity in the host through their ability to regulate the composition of the intestinal microbiota.There are numerous susceptibility genes associated with an increased risk of developing Crohn's disease, and many of these genes affect Paneth cell function, strongly suggesting a critical role for these cells in the pathogenesis of Crohn's disease.
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页码：356 / 368
页数：12
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