Change of Antigenic Determinants of SARS-CoV-2 Virus S-Protein as a Possible Cause of Antibody-Dependent Enhancement of Virus Infection and Cytokine Storm

被引：0
作者：
Nechipurenko Y.D. [1 ]
Anashkina A.A. [1 ]
Matveeva O.V. [2 ,3 ]
机构：
[1] Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow
[2] Sendai Viralytics LLC, Acton, 01720, MA
[3] Biopolymer Design LLC, Acton, 01721, MA
来源：
Biophysics | 2020年 / 65卷 / 4期
基金：
俄罗斯基础研究基金会;
关键词：
ADE; antigen-dependent enhancement of infection; antigenic determinants; change in conformations; change in epitopes; coronavirus; COVID-19; S-protein; SARS-CoV-2; spike protein;
D O I：
10.1134/S0006350920040119
中图分类号：
学科分类号：
摘要：
Abstract: A hypothesis is proposed that the cytokine storm syndrome, which complicates COVID-19 in some patients, is a consequence of antibody-dependent enhancement of virus infection, which is in turn happens due to a change in dominant antigenic determinants of SARS-CoV-2 S-protein. The antibody-dependent enhancement of virus infection is a phenomenon in which virus-specific antibodies that are not neutralizing enhance the entry of infectious virus into immune cells causing their death. Antibody-dependent enhancement has been reported for different coronaviruses. This phenomenon happens due to a decrease in the binding strength of neutralizing antibodies to the virus, which converts these antibodies into suboptimal—not neutralizing ones. According to our hypothesis, such a decrease in affinity may be associated with a change in the conformation of the viral S-protein. We believe that this conformational change is the major factor in the switching of antibodies affinity, which triggers antibody-dependent enhancement. However, other factors that contribute to antigen drift and antigenic determinant changes may also play a role. © 2020, Pleiades Publishing, Inc.
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页码：703 / 709
页数：6
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