Human immunodeficiency virus-related cerebral white matter disease in children

被引：0
作者：
Christelle Ackermann
Ronald van Toorn
Savvas Andronikou
机构：
[1] University of Stellenbosch,Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences
[2] University of Stellenbosch,Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences
[3] University of Pennsylvania,Department of Pediatric Radiology, Children’s Hospital Philadelphia
来源：
Pediatric Radiology | 2019年 / 49卷
关键词：
Central nervous system; Children; Computed tomography; Human immunodeficiency virus; Magnetic resonance imaging; White matter;
D O I：
暂无
中图分类号：
学科分类号：
摘要：
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic seems largely controlled by anti-retroviral treatment with resultant large numbers of children growing up with the disease on long-term treatment, placing them at higher risk to develop HIV-related brain injury, ongoing cognitive impairment and treatment-related neurological complications. Cerebral white matter involvement is a common radiologic finding in HIV infection and the causes of this have overlapping appearances, ranging from diffuse widespread involvement to focal lesions. The varied pathophysiology is broadly grouped into primary effects of HIV, opportunistic infection, vascular disease and neoplasms. White matter changes in children can be different from those in adults. This review provides guidance to radiologists with the diagnostic dilemma of nonspecific cerebral white matter lesions in children with HIV. The authors discuss common causes of HIV-related cerebral white matter disease as well as the role of neuroimaging in the management of these children.
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页码：652 / 662
页数：10
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