MyD88 is an essential component of retinoic acid-induced differentiation in human pluripotent embryonal carcinoma cells

被引：0

作者：

Gomaa Sulaiman

Aoife Cooke

Brendan Ffrench

Claudia Gasch

Olayemi Azeez Abdullai

Kevin O’Connor

Salah Elbaruni

Gordon Blackshields

Cathy Spillane

Helen Keegan

Victoria McEneaney

Ronan Knittel

Annamarie Rogers

Ian B Jeffery

Brendan Doyle

Mark Bates

Charles d’Adhemar

Mathia YC Lee

Eric L Campbell

Paul N Moynagh

Desmond G Higgins

Sharon O’Toole

Luke O’Neill

John J O’Leary

Michael F Gallagher

机构：

[1] Trinity College Dublin,Department of Histopathology

[2] Central Pathology Laboratory,Department of Applied Sciences

[3] St James’s Hospital,APC Institute and Department of Microbiology

[4] Pathology Research Laboratory,Department of Biology

[5] Coombe Women and Infant’s University Hospital,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology

[6] Dundalk Institute of Technology,undefined

[7] University College Cork,undefined

[8] Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering,undefined

[9] National University of Singapore,undefined

[10] Singapore,undefined

[11] Centre for Experimental Medicine,undefined

[12] Queen’s University Belfast,undefined

[13] Institute of Immunology,undefined

[14] Maynooth University,undefined

[15] School of Medicine and Conway Institute,undefined

[16] University College Dublin,undefined

[17] Trinity College Dublin,undefined

[18] Trinity Centre for Health Sciences,undefined

[19] St James’s Hospital,undefined

[20] School of Biochemistry and Immunology,undefined

[21] Trinity Biomedical Science Institute,undefined

[22] Trinity College Dublin,undefined

来源：

Cell Death & Differentiation | 2017年 / 24卷

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摘要：

We have previously reported that myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (MyD88) is downregulated during all-trans retinoic acid (RA)-induced differentiation of pluripotent NTera2 human embryonal carcinoma cells (hECCs), whereas its maintained expression is associated with RA differentiation resistance in nullipotent 2102Ep hECCs. MyD88 is the main adapter for toll-like receptor (TLR) signalling, where it determines the secretion of chemokines and cytokines in response to pathogens. In this study, we report that loss of MyD88 is essential for RA-facilitated differentiation of hECCs. Functional analysis using a specific MyD88 peptide inhibitor (PepInh) demonstrated that high MyD88 expression in the self-renewal state inhibits the expression of a specific set of HOX genes. In NTera2 cells, MyD88 is downregulated during RA-induced differentiation, a mechanism that could be broadly replicated by MyD88 PepInh treatment of 2102Ep cells. Notably, MyD88 inhibition transitioned 2102Ep cells into a stable, self-renewing state that appears to be primed for differentiation upon addition of RA. At a molecular level, MyD88 inhibition combined with RA treatment upregulated HOX, RA signalling and TLR signalling genes. These events permit differentiation through a standard downregulation of Oct4-Sox2-Nanog mechanism. In line with its role in regulating secretion of specific proteins, conditioned media experiments demonstrated that differentiated (MyD88 low) NTera2 cell media was sufficient to differentiate NTera2 cells. Protein array analysis indicated that this was owing to secretion of factors known to regulate angiogenesis, neurogenesis and all three branches of TGF-β Superfamily signalling. Collectively, these data offer new insights into RA controlled differentiation of pluripotent cells, with notable parallels to the ground state model of embryonic stem cell self-renewal. These data may provide insights to facilitate improved differentiation protocols for regenerative medicine and differentiation-therapies in cancer treatment.

引用

页码：1975 / 1986

页数：11