Low-Power Parallel Video Compression Architecture for a Single-Chip Digital CMOS Camera

A low-power, large-scale parallel video compression architecture for a single-chip digital CMOS camera is discussed in this paper. This architecture is designed for highly computationally intensive image and video processing tasks necessary to support video compression. Two designs of this architecture, an MPEG2 encoder and a DV encoder, are presented. At an image resolution of 640 × 480 pixels (MPEG2) and 720 × 576 (DV) and a frame rate of 25 to 30 frames per second, a computational throughput of up to 1.8 billion operations per second (BOPS) is required. This is supported in the proposed architecture using a 40 MHz clock and an array of 40 to 45 parallel processors implemented in a 0.2 μm CMOS technology and with a 1.5 V supply voltage. Power consumption is significantly reduced through the single-chip integration of the CMOS photo sensors, the embedded DRAM technology, and the proposed pipelined parallel processors. The parallel processors consume approximately 45 mW of power resulting a power efficiency of 40 BOPS/W.