Challenges for environmental sustainability in a mountain destination: insights from the Shiroumadake District of North Japan Alps

This article analyzes the complex challenges for environmental sustainability of mountain destinations through a case study of the Shiroumadake District of North Japan Alps. The area is known for its scenic peaks including Mount Shirouma, powdery winter snow and the rich variety of alpine wildflowers in summer. However the area has a long history of human habitation and visitation; and its emergence as one of the most famous mountain resorts of Japan has resulted in significant ongoing visitor impact on the landscape. Currently a general warming trend and change of snow conditions threaten this area. The case study adopted a qualitative method based on interviews and content analysis to gain important insight on the complex interrelationship between the biophysical (geological, geomorphological, ecological) and social (mainly tourism) aspects of the area. It was found that while climate change is keenly perceived by local stakeholders due to its threat on livelihoods; anthropogenic fragmentation of geo-ecological connectivity and its transformation over time are poorly understood. Standard management decisions favor stabilization of key geomorphic processes that have shaped the dynamic environment through perpetual change at least since the Holocene deglaciation; such human actions fragment ecological resilience of the place. The article posits that the understanding of the past and key natural change pathways is of critical importance for sustainable future of mountain destinations, and recommends downscaling of economic activities such as large-scale tourism for reducing the level of anthropogenic impact.