Citrus limon fruit juice-assisted biomimetic synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial activity of cobalt oxide (Co3O4) nanoparticles

A facile biological benign synthesis of cobalt oxide (Co3O4) nanoparticles is obtained using Citrus limon (C. limon) fruit extract at different annealing temperature. XRD assessment affirms the unique facets (2 2 0,3 1 1, 4 0 0,5 1 1 and 4 4 0 planes) of Co3O4 nanoparticles. XRD and FTIR studies confirmed that C. limon fruit extract was the principle, reducing as well as stabilizing agent for this green synthesis process. The morphology of Co3O4 nanoparticles is obtained by FESEM techniques at distinct annealing temperature. The antibacterial and antifungi activities of synthesized nanoparticles have higher antibacterial and antifungi activity than the standard drug against gram (+) and gram (−) bacteria like Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli and antifungi activity hostile to Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus niger which are depicted in this work. These outcomes affirm that the C. limon fruit extract is a dynamic response medium to build Co3O4 nanoparticles associated with biomedical by-products due to eco-efficient, cost-effective and non-toxic chemicals.