Multi-objective Optimization of Ms58 Brass Machining Operation by Multi-axis CNC Lathe

Brass materials are widely used in many fields of machinery, especially plumbing applications. Parts produced from brass are processed in lathes or milling machines during the manufacturing phase. In this study, 6-corner pieces were produced by machining the MS58 brass alloy on the C-axis lathe with an end mill. As machining parameters, tool diameter, feedrate and rotation speed were selected. The effects of these parameters on average surface roughness (Ra), cutting time (t) and dimensional deviation (dev) were determined by the surface response method. Regression equations were created separately for surface roughness, cutting time and dimensional deviation. Later, parameter levels that optimize all three dependent variables together were obtained by grey relationship analysis. It was determined that the most effective parameter on surface roughness and dimensional deviation is the tool diameter. The most effective parameter on cutting time was found to be feedrate. The best combination of machining parameters was 10 mm tool diameter, 150 mm/min feedrate and 1000 rev/min rotation speed. The selection of parameters depends on the requirements based on better surface roughness, minimum cutting time, minimum dimensional deviation. Parameter levels that optimize surface roughness only are 10 mm tool diameter, 50 mm/min feedrate and 1000 rev/min rotation speed. Parameter levels that optimize cutting time only are 8 mm tool diameter, 143 mm/min feedrate and 1525 rev/min rotation speed. Parameter levels that optimize cutting time only: 10.31 mm tool diameter, 50 mm/min feedrate and 1000 rev/min rotation speed.