Medical and Invasive Management of Cardiac Thrombosis in Children with Congenital and Acquired Heart Disease

被引：0
作者：
Kim J.S. [1 ]
Loi M.M. [2 ]
Stone M.L. [3 ]
VanderPluym C.J. [4 ]
机构：
[1] Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Children’s Hospital Colorado, 13123 East 16th Avenue, Box 100, Aurora, 80045, CO
[2] Divisions of Critical Care and Hematology, Oncology, and Bone Marrow Transplant, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
[3] Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
[4] Department of Cardiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
来源：
Current Treatment Options in Pediatrics | 2020年 / 6卷 / 4期
关键词：
Anticoagulation; Direct thrombin inhibitors; Intracardiac thrombosis; Pediatric cardiology; Thrombolysis; Venous thromboembolism;
D O I：
10.1007/s40746-020-00214-3
中图分类号：
学科分类号：
摘要：
Purpose of review: In this manuscript, we review the diagnosis, causes, and management of cardiac thrombosis in children with congenital and acquired heart disease. Indications for invasive management and surgery are discussed. The differential diagnostic considerations and management of cardiac thromboses will be reviewed, including those that occur as a consequence of repair and palliation of congenital heart disease. Recent findings: The definition of venous thromboembolism has recently been expanded to include thromboses within both the right and left heart chambers. Direct thrombin inhibitors (DTIs) and direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are emerging as treatment alternatives to the heparins and vitamin K antagonists for the management of thrombosis in pediatric heart disease. Summary: Thrombosis within the heart occurs as a consequence of abnormalities and alterations in blood flow resulting in stasis and turbulence. Children with acquired and congenital heart disease carry a number of risk factors in Virchow’s triad. Thrombosis can occur throughout any part of the cardiovascular system in congenital heart disease and after surgery for repair or palliation of defects. © 2020, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
引用
收藏
页码：283 / 298
页数：15
相关论文
共 68 条
  • [1] Giglia T.M., Massicotte M.P., Tweddell J.S., Barst R.J., Bauman M., Erickson C.C., Et al., Prevention and treatment of thrombosis in pediatric and congenital heart disease: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association, Circulation., 128, pp. 2622-2703, (2013)
  • [2] Raffini L., Huang Y.-S., Witmer C., Feudtner C., Dramatic increase in venous thromboembolism in children’s hospitals in the United States from 2001 to 2007, Pediatrics., 124, 4, pp. 1001-1008, (2009)
  • [3] Heit J.A., Epidemiology of venous thromboembolism, Nat Rev Cardiol, 12, 8, pp. 464-474, (2015)
  • [4] Mahajerin A., Branchford B.R., Jaffray J., Vasquez B., Children’s Hospital-Acquired Thrombosis Database (CHAT): A multi-institutional database for prospective identification of independent risk factors, Blood, 128, 22, (2016)
  • [5] Ogren M., Bergqvist D., Eriksson H., Lindblad B., Sternby N.H., Prevalence and risk of pulmonary embolism in patients with intracardiac thrombosis: A population-based study of 23,796 consecutive autopsies, Eur Heart J, 26, 11, pp. 1108-1114, (2005)
  • [6] Panidis I.P., Kotler M.N., Mintz G.S., Ross J., Clinical and echocardiographic features of right atrial masses, Am Heart J, 107, 4, pp. 745-758, (1984)
  • [7] Srichai M.B., Junor C., Rodriguez L.L., Stillman A.E., Grimm R.A., Lieber M.L., Et al., Clinical, imaging, and pathological characteristics of left ventricular thrombus: a comparison of contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging, transthoracic echocardiography, and transesophageal echocardiography with surgical or pathological validation, Am Heart J, 152, 1, pp. 75-84, (2006)
  • [8] Monagle P., Cuello C.A., Augustine C., Bonduel M., Brandao L.R., Capman T., American Society of Hematology 2018 Guidelines for management of venous thromboembolism: Treatment of pediatric venous thromboembolism, Blood Adv., 2, pp. 3292-3316, (2018)
  • [9] Young E., Prins M., Levine M.N., Hirsh J., Heparin binding to plasma proteins, an important mechanism for heparin resistance, Thromb Haemost, 67, 6, pp. 639-643, (1992)
  • [10] Weitz J.I., Low-molecular-weight heparins, N Engl J Med, 337, 10, pp. 688-698, (1997)
1234567