Non-invasive Biomarkers for Early Detection of Alzheimer’s Disease: a New-Age Perspective

被引:0
作者
Niyamat M. A. Chimthanawala
Akash Haria
Sadhana Sathaye
机构
[1] Nathalal Parekh Marg,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology
来源
Molecular Neurobiology | 2024年 / 61卷
关键词
Alzheimer’s disease; Non-invasive; Amyloid-β; Lactoferrin; Optical coherence tomography; MicroRNA; Early detection;
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学科分类号
摘要
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that primarily affects the elderly population. It gradually leads to memory loss, loss of thinking ability, and an overall cognitive decline. However, exhaustive literature is available to suggest that pathological changes in the brain occur decades before the first clinical symptoms appear. This review provides insight into the non-invasive biomarkers for early detection of AD that have been successfully studied in populations across the globe. These biomarkers have been detected in the blood, saliva, breath, and urine samples. Retinal imaging techniques are also reported. In this study, PubMed and Google scholar were the databases employed using keywords “Alzheimer’s disease,” “neurodegeneration,” “non-invasive biomarkers,” “early diagnosis,” “blood-based biomarkers,” and “preclinical AD,” among others. The evaluation of these biomarkers will provide early diagnosis of AD in the preclinical stages due to their positive correlation with brain pathology in AD. Early diagnosis with reliable and timely intervention can effectively manage this disease.
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页码:212 / 223
页数:11
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