Nanoparticles have a wide range of applications. This work elaborates on the new findings in the AgNPs research domain using two pharmacologically important Garcinia species. This study is aimed at comparing the potential of Garcinia conicarpa and Garcinia cambogioides in AgNP synthesis, the physicochemical characterization of the synthesized AgNPs, and their antibacterial efficacy. Various parameters for the biogenic synthesis of AgNPs were optimized. Optimized conditions for the synthesis of AgNPs from G. conicarpa and G. cambogioides are 1:4 ratio of extract and 4 mM AgN03, pH 9, a temperature of 70 °C for G. conicarpa with a reaction time of 3 h, and 75 °C for G. cambogioides with a reaction time of 4 h. Biofabricated AgNPs were characterized by ultraviolet–visible near-infrared spectroscopy (UV–Vis NIR), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), and dynamic light scattering (DLS). The surface plasmon resonance (SPR) peaks of Garcinia conicarpa and Garcinia cambogioides produced a significant peak at 406 and 411 nm, respectively. The hydrodynamic diameter of Garcinia conicarpa and Garcinia cambogioides was 47.87 nm and 74.46 nm, respectively, calculated using DLS. Using FTIR, important functional groups in biomolecules that have a role in stabilization of silver ions have been determined. Through an antibacterial study, G. conicarpa was found to be a better candidate than G. cambogioides. This study is a novel attempt to attribute the potential of silver nanoparticle synthesis by one endemic Garcinia species Garcinia conicarpa and Garcinia cambogioides, and thereby reveal their antibacterial potential. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
