Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) is a useful and frequently used quantitative analysis technique to study the oxidation kinetics and mechanism of carbon fibers (CFs). An alternative method involving the resistance measurement of CFs during oxidation is proposed to study the oxidation behavior of CFs in this study, which might be also applied to other carbon materials. Experimental results from resistance measurements at different oxidation temperatures show qualitative consistency with those obtained using the TGA technique for the same type of fiber. A comparison between these two techniques is discussed.