Body adiposity index, lipid accumulation product, and cardiometabolic index reveal the contribution of adiposity phenotypes in the risk of hyperuricemia among Chinese rural population

Adiposity phenotypes, estimated by higher body adiposity index (BAI), lipid accumulation product (LAP), and cardiometabolic index (CMI), has conferred increased metabolic risk. The relative contribution of BAI, LAP, and CMI in hyperuricemia, however, is unknown. We hypothesized that these obesity indicators would refine identification of hyperuricemia. Information on serum uric acid (SUA), fasting lipid profiles, and body adiposity measures (BAI, LAP, and CMI) were recorded in a cross-sectional population-based sample of 11,102 participants (≥ 35 years old) from China. BAI, LAP, and CMI were strong independent predictors of SUA in both sexes after correction for potential confounders. In multivariable models, odds ratio (OR) for hyperuricemia for 1 SD increment in BAI, LAP, and CMI were 1.361 (95% CI, 1.224–1.513), 1.393 (95% CI, 1.273–1.525), and 1.332 (95% CI, 1.224–1.448) in females, respectively. For males, these adiposity indices corresponded to an increased hyperuricemia risk of 14, 47, and 33%, respectively. Additionally, compared to the bottom category, females with the top quartile of BAI, LAP, and CMI showed higher adjusted odds of having hyperuricemia, with ORs of 2.064, 7.500, and 4.944, respectively. ORs for hyperuricemia were statistically significant in the fourth quartile of BAI (1.622 [1.258–2.091]), LAP (5.549 [3.907–7.880]), and CMI (3.878 [2.830–5.313]) of male subgroup. Accumulation of ectopic adiposity in general (quantified by increased BAI), and of visceral adipose tissue in particular (reflected by elevated LAP and CMI), provided important insight regarding hyperuricemia risk and might potentially shed further light on our understanding of the metabolic sequelae of obesity.