Two level data aggregation protocol for prolonging lifetime of periodic sensor networks

One big contributor in the future of the Internet of Things is the Periodic Sensor Networks (PSNs) because it has been used by many applications in real life. The main challenge in this type of networks is to gather the huge amount of data periodically in an energy saving way and then transmit them to the base station in order to extend the lifetime of PSN. Since the limited nature of the sensors batteries power, therefore, an energy-efficient data aggregation method is needed to optimize both energy and lifetime in PSNs. This article proposes a Two Level Data Aggregation (TLDA) Protocol for Prolonging the Lifetime of Periodic Sensor Networks. TLDA works in a periodic way. Each period consists of two data aggregation levels. The first level of data aggregation is applied at the sensor node. This level includes data collection, the sliding window to generate a varying number of segments with different lengths, and data aggregation using Adaptive Piecewise Constant Approximation technique to reduce the amount of data collected by each sensor. The second level is applied at the aggregator. It includes grouping received data sets based on the chaining hash table with SAX quantization method, finding and lowering the duplicate sets, finding and merging the duplicate readings, and transmit the aggregated data to the sink. Extensive simulation results are conducted using OMNeT++ network simulator and based on real data of sensor network to show the efficiency of the TLDA protocol compared with two existing methods.