In Vivo and in Vitro Biocompatibility Studies of Pt Based Nanoparticles: a New Agent for Chemoradiation Therapy

In the current study, platinum nanoparticles (Pt NPs) decorated with a bovine serum albumin (BSA) scaffold (Pt@BSA) was fabricated for delivery of curcumin (CUR). It also was used as radiosensitizer because of the presence of high Z metal, Pt. Furthermore, physiochemical properties, biocompatibility and in vitro anti-cancer activity of developed nanoplatforms were investigated. Pt@BSA containing CUR (Pt@BSA-CUR) had spherical morphology with hydrodynamic size of nearly 53.89 nm, zeta-potential of − 25.80 mV and high drug (CUR) loading capacity. It was also found that the prepared Pt@BSA-CUR NPes showed a controlled, sustained and pH-trigger release pattern profile for CUR. In vitro cytotoxicity analysis unveiled that the fabricated Pt@BSA nanoparticles exhibited excellent biosafety toward HFF2 normal cell, while Pt@BSA-CUR NPs possessed great cancer cell killing ability against hepatic cancer cell line (Hep G2). Pt@BSA-CUR NPs show greater anticancer activity when it co-treated with X-Ray irradiation. Hemolysis assay also revealed that Pt@BSA NPs were meritoriously compatible with the red blood cells. Taken together, these results offer overwhelming evidence for the potential applicability of developed Pt@BSA-CUR NPs to tackle liver cancer. As a consequence, the findings of in vivo biosafety studies suggest potential of NPs for further in vivo therapeutic usage.