NGC 3521: Stellar Counter-Rotation Induced by a Bar Component

The spiral galaxy NGC 3521 exhibits apparently normal kinematic properties of gas and stars along its major axis. However, the analysis of the LOSVD reveals strong asymmetries. A decomposition of the LOSVD data with a two-Gaussian component model shows two counter-rotating stellar components. The observed kinematic decoupling is interpreted as a projection effect induced by the presence of a bar component seen almost end on. The bar produces locally a greater concentration of retrograde stellar orbits but this does not relate to a specific counter-rotating population. The signatures of the bar are identified in the velocity field derived from long-slit spectra obtained along the major, minor and 45° intermediate axes and from R-band surface photometry.