Production of 1,3-Butadiene From C4 Raffinate-3 Through Oxidative Dehydrogenation of n-Butene Over Bismuth Molybdate Catalysts

Recent progress on the bismuth molybdate catalysts for oxidative dehydrogenation of n-butene to 1,3-butadiene was reported in this review. A number of bismuth molybdate catalysts, including pure bismuth molybdates (α-Bi2Mo3O12, β-Bi2Mo2O9, and γ-Bi2MoO6) and multicomponent bismuth molybdates, were prepared by a co-precipitation method for use in the production of 1,3-butadiene from C4 raffinate-3 through oxidative dehydrogenation of n-butene. It was observed that multicomponent bismuth molybdate catalyst was more efficient than pure bismuth molybdate catalyst in the oxidative dehydrogenation of n-butene. Various experimental measurements such as temperature-programmed reoxidation, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and O2-temperature-programmed desorption analyses were carried out to elucidate the different catalytic activity of bismuth molybdate catalysts. It was revealed that a bismuth molybdate catalyst with a higher oxygen mobility showed a better catalytic performance in terms of conversion of n-butene and yield for 1,3-butadiene. We have successfully demonstrated from experimental findings that oxygen mobility of bismuth molybdate catalyst played a key role in determining the catalytic performance in the oxidative dehydrogenation of n-butene to 1,3-butadiene.