The crystal structures of cobalt(II) Schiff base complex (CoIIL2 · H2O) and Schiff base ligand 3,5-dichlorosalicylidene-2-chlorophenylmethylamine (HL) have been determined by single-crystal X-ray analysis. The geometry around cobalt in CoIIL2 · H2O is distorted tetrahedral. CoIIL2 · H2O crystallizes in the monoclinic system, in space group C2/c, with crystallographic parameters: a = 12.9143(16) Å, b = 8.8326(16) Å, c = 25.115(3) Å, β = 92.791(10)°, V = 2861.4(7) Å3, Z = 4, F(000) = 1420, and the final R indices (I > 2σ(I)) are R1 = 0.0440, wR2 = 0.1272. HL crystallizes in the monoclinic system, in space group P21/c, with crystallographic parameters: a = 11.9764(15), b = 8.2331(10), c = 14.2211(17) Å, β = 98.723(6)°, V = 1386.0(3) Å3, Z = 4, F(000) = 640, and the final R indices (I > 2σ(I)) are R1 = 0.0397, wR2 = 0.1018.