Microbial production of melanin and its various applications

被引:0
作者
Anh N. Tran-Ly
Carolina Reyes
Francis W. M. R. Schwarze
Javier Ribera
机构
[1] Empa,Laboratory for Cellulose & Wood Materials
[2] ETH Zürich,Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatic Engineering
来源
World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology | 2020年 / 36卷
关键词
Fungi; Microbial melanin; Pigments; Upscaling;
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中图分类号
学科分类号
摘要
Melanins are natural biopolymers that are known to contribute to different biological processes and to protect organisms from adverse environmental conditions. During the past decade, melanins have attracted increasing attention for their use in organic semiconductors and bioelectronics, drug delivery, photoprotection and environmental bioremediation. Although considerable advances in these fields have been achieved, real-world applications of melanins are still scarce, probably due to the limited and expensive source of natural melanin. Nevertheless, recent biotechnological advances have allowed for relatively large-scale production of microbial melanins, which could replace current commercial melanin. In this review, we first describe different melanin sources and highlight the advantages and disadvantages of each production method. Our focus is on the microbial synthesis of melanins, including the methodology and mechanism of melanin formation. Applications of microbial melanins are also discussed, and an outlook on how to push the field forward is discussed.
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