Quantum Public Key Cryptosystem Based on Bell States

Classical public key cryptosystems (PKC), such as RSA, EIGamal, ECC, are no longer secure in quantum algorithms, and quantum cryptography has become a novel research topic. In this paper we present a quantum asymmetrical cryptosystem i.e. quantum public key cryptosystem (QPKC) based on the Bell states. In particular, in the proposed QPKC the public key are given by the first n particles of Bell states and generalized Pauli operations. The corresponding secret key are the last n particles of Bell states and the inverse of generalized Pauli operations. The proposed QPKC encrypts the message using a public key and decrypts the ciphertext using a private key. By Holevo′s theorem, we proved the security of the secret key and messages during the QPKC.