Pediatric ABO-incompatible Living Related Donor Liver Transplantation: Experience from Indian Subcontinent

We present our experience with pediatric ABO-incompatible liver transplantation in India. Data of patients <18 years of age undergoing ABO-incompatible liver transplantation our hospital between January, 2011 and November, 2018 were analyzed. Plasmapheresis was done pre-transplant till antibody titer was <16 units. Rituximab/Intravenous immunoglobulin was used for immunosuppression, in addition to standard drugs (mycophenolate mofetil, steroids, and tacrolimus). Out of 203 patients that underwent liver transplant during this period, 8 underwent ABO-incompatible liver transplantation; 4 (3 boys) had blood group O+ve. Median (range) age was 28 (7–91) mo, PELD score was 24.5 (14–42), and pre-transplant antibody titer range was 1:32–1024. Number of plasmapheresis sessions required ranged from 1–6. Post-operatively two patients had rise in antibody titer >64 requiring plasmapheresis. All 8 patients survived without rejection/biliary issues. Mean (range) of post-transplant hospital stay was 19.1 (13–22) d and follow-up period was 38.1 (7.1–84.4) mo. Pediatric ABO-incompatible liver transplantation can be successfully performed using plasmapheresis with optimal immune-suppression and vigilant post-op monitoring.