Cytoplasmic effects on the tissue culture response of callus from winter wheat mature embryos

The cytoplasmic effects on embryo culture responses were studied by using calli from mature embryos of four genotypes of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Significant reciprocal differences were found for tissue culture response of callus, indicating that a cytoplasmic effect may be involved. In general, cytoplasm positively affected callus induction, regeneration capacity of callus, culture efficiency and numbers of regenerated plants. The nature of the effect of the cytoplasm is shown to depend on the genotype. The potential for improving the responses of tissue culture by cytoplasmic changes was observed.