The Roles of the Olivocerebellar Pathway in Motor Learning and Motor Control. A Consensus Paper

被引:0
作者
Eric J. Lang
Richard Apps
Fredrik Bengtsson
Nadia L Cerminara
Chris I De Zeeuw
Timothy J. Ebner
Detlef H. Heck
Dieter Jaeger
Henrik Jörntell
Mitsuo Kawato
Thomas S. Otis
Ozgecan Ozyildirim
Laurentiu S. Popa
Alexander M. B. Reeves
Nicolas Schweighofer
Izumi Sugihara
Jianqiang Xiao
机构
[1] New York University School of Medicine,Department of Neuroscience and Physiology
[2] University of Bristol,School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience
[3] Lund University,Neural Basis for Sensorimotor Control, Department of Experimental Medical Science
[4] Erasmus MC Rotterdam,Department of Neuroscience
[5] Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences,Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience
[6] University of Minnesota,Department of Neuroscience
[7] University of Tennessee Health Science Center,Department Anatomy and Neurobiology
[8] Emory University,Department of Biology
[9] ATR,Brain Information Communication Research Laboratory Group
[10] Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA,Department of Neurobiology and Integrated Center for Learning and Memory
[11] University of Southern California,Division of Biokinesiology and Physical Therapy
[12] Tokyo Medical and Dental University,Department of Systems Neurophysiology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, and Center for Brain Integration Research
来源
The Cerebellum | 2017年 / 16卷
关键词
Cerebellum; Inferior olive; Complex spike; Purkinje cell; Synchrony; Motor control; Motor learning;
D O I
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学科分类号
摘要
For many decades, the predominant view in the cerebellar field has been that the olivocerebellar system’s primary function is to induce plasticity in the cerebellar cortex, specifically, at the parallel fiber-Purkinje cell synapse. However, it has also long been proposed that the olivocerebellar system participates directly in motor control by helping to shape ongoing motor commands being issued by the cerebellum. Evidence consistent with both hypotheses exists; however, they are often investigated as mutually exclusive alternatives. In contrast, here, we take the perspective that the olivocerebellar system can contribute to both the motor learning and motor control functions of the cerebellum and might also play a role in development. We then consider the potential problems and benefits of it having multiple functions. Moreover, we discuss how its distinctive characteristics (e.g., low firing rates, synchronization, and variable complex spike waveforms) make it more or less suitable for one or the other of these functions, and why having multiple functions makes sense from an evolutionary perspective. We did not attempt to reach a consensus on the specific role(s) the olivocerebellar system plays in different types of movements, as that will ultimately be determined experimentally; however, collectively, the various contributions highlight the flexibility of the olivocerebellar system, and thereby suggest that it has the potential to act in both the motor learning and motor control functions of the cerebellum.
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页码:230 / 252
页数:22
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