Phytochemical Analysis, Antioxidant, Anticancer and Antibacterial Properties of the Caspian Sea Red Macroalgae, Laurencia caspica

The current study was to investigate the gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, antioxidant, anticancer and antibacterial properties of red algae Laurencia caspica extract. The antioxidant capacity and total phenolic content of algae extract were measured utilizing DPPH scavenging assay and Folin–Ciocalteu procedure, respectively. Cell viability was measured using MTT assay against breast cancer T47D and HEK293 cells. Real-time PCR was used for measurement of gene expression. Flow cytometry was used for detecting of apoptosis in cells. Chemical analysis of L. caspica extract showed 22 most abundant components, and the most dominant compounds were Dodecane (17.33%), Undecane (6.616%) and Dodecane, 2, 6,11-trimethyl (5.483%). The real-time PCR results demonstrated dramatic elevation of mRNA levels of Nm23 in T47D cells. The Annexin V/PI staining showed that the L. caspica extract significantly increased apoptosis pathway in T47D cancer cell line. Moreover, antibacterial activity against pathogenic bacterial was evaluated. It seems that L. caspica has favorable resource with strong biomedical properties. So, further investigations were suggested to be carried out in cosmetics industries and food pharmaceutical.