Immersed in a reservoir of potential: amniotic fluid-derived extracellular vesicles

被引：6
作者：
Atukorala, Ishara [1 ,2 ]
Hannan, Natalie [1 ,2 ]
Hui, Lisa [1 ,2 ,3 ,4 ]
机构：
[1] Univ Melbourne, Mercy Hosp Women, Melbourne Med Sch, Dept Obstet Gynaecol & Newborn Hlth, 163 Studley Rd, Heidelberg, Vic 3084, Australia
[2] Northern Hlth, Northern Ctr Hlth Educ & Res, Dept Obstet Gynaecol & Newborn Hlth, Epping, Vic, Australia
[3] Mercy Hosp Women, Mercy Hlth, Dept Perinatal Med, Heidelberg, Vic, Australia
[4] Murdoch Childrens Res Inst, Reprod Epidemiol Grp, Parkville, Vic, Australia
来源：
JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE | 2024年 / 22卷 / 01期
关键词：
Extracellular vesicles; Exosomes; Amniotic fluid; Amniotic fluid stem cells; Pregnancy; Biomarkers; Therapy; STEM-CELLS; PROCOAGULANT ACTIVITY; TRANSFERRIN RECEPTOR; MESENCHYMAL STEM; EXOSOMES; FETAL; MICROPARTICLES; INFLAMMATION; SECRETION; VEHICLES;
D O I：
10.1186/s12967-024-05154-2
中图分类号：
R-3 [医学研究方法]; R3 [基础医学];
学科分类号：
1001 ;
摘要：
This review aims to encapsulate the current knowledge in extracellular vesicles extracted from amniotic fluid and amniotic fluid derived stem/stromal cells. Amniotic fluid (AF) bathes the developing fetus, providing nutrients and protection from biological and mechanical dangers. In addition to containing a myriad of proteins, immunoglobulins and growth factors, AF is a rich source of extracellular vesicles (EVs). These vesicles originate from cells in the fetoplacental unit. They are biological messengers carrying an active cargo enveloped within the lipid bilayer. EVs in reproduction are known to play key roles in all stages of pregnancy, starting from fertilisation through to parturition. The intriguing biology of AF-derived EVs (AF-EVs) in pregnancy and their untapped potential as biomarkers is currently gaining attention. EV studies in numerous animal and human disease models have raised expectations of their utility as therapeutics. Amniotic fluid stem cell and mesenchymal stromal cell-derived EVs (AFSC-EVs) provide an established supply of laboratory-made EVs. This cell-free mode of therapy is popular as an alternative to stem cell therapy, revealing similar, if not better therapeutic outcomes. Research has demonstrated the successful application of AF-EVs and AFSC-EVs in therapy, harnessing their anti-inflammatory, angiogenic and regenerative properties. This review provides an overview of such studies and discusses concerns in this emerging field of research.
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页数：21
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