Long QT syndrome and anaesthesia

被引：11
作者：
Rasche S. [1 ,2 ]
Koch T. [1 ]
Hübler M. [1 ]
机构：
[1] Klinik und Poliklinik für Anästhesiologie und Intensivtherapie, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität, Dresden
[2] Klinik und Poliklinik für Anästhesiologie und Intensivtherapie, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität, 01307 Dresden
来源：
Der Anaesthesist | 2006年 / 55卷 / 3期
关键词：
Cardiac ion channels; Diagnosis; Prophylaxis; Therapy; Torsade de pointes;
D O I：
10.1007/s00101-006-0981-z
中图分类号：
学科分类号：
摘要：
The long QT syndrome (LQTS) is a rare, congenital or acquired disease, which may lead to fatal cardiac arrhythmias (torsade de pointes, TdP). In all LQTS subtypes, TdPs are caused by disturbances in cardiac ion channels. Diagnosis is made using clinical, anamnestic and electrocardiographic data. Triggers of TdPs are numerous and should be avoided perioperatively. Sufficient sedation and preoperative correction of electrolyte imbalances are essential. Volatile anaesthetics and antagonists of muscle relaxants should be avoided and high doses of local anaesthetics are not recommended to date. Propofol is safe for anaesthesia induction and maintenance. The acute therapy of TdPs with cardiovascular depression should be performed in accordance with the guidelines for advanced cardiac life support and includes cardioversion/defibrillation and magnesium. Torsades de pointes may be associated with bradycardia or tachycardia resulting in specific therapeutic and prophylactic measures. © Springer Medizin Verlag 2006.
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页码：229 / 246
页数：17
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