Simple direct formation of self-assembled N-heterocyclic carbene monolayers on gold and their application in biosensing

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作者
Cathleen M. Crudden
J. Hugh Horton
Mina R. Narouz
Zhijun Li
Christene A. Smith
Kim Munro
Christopher J. Baddeley
Christian R. Larrea
Benedict Drevniok
Bheeshmon Thanabalasingam
Alastair B. McLean
Olena V. Zenkina
Iraklii I. Ebralidze
Zhe She
Heinz-Bernhard Kraatz
Nicholas J. Mosey
Lisa N. Saunders
Akiko Yagi
机构
[1] Queen’s University,Department of Chemistry
[2] Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM),Department of Physics
[3] Nagoya University,Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences
[4] Protein Function Discovery Facility,Department of Chemistry
[5] Queen’s University,undefined
[6] EaStCHEM School of Chemistry,undefined
[7] University of St Andrews,undefined
[8] St Andrews,undefined
[9] Engineering Physics and Astronomy,undefined
[10] Queen’s University,undefined
[11] University of Toronto Scarborough,undefined
[12] University of Toronto,undefined
来源
Nature Communications | / 7卷
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摘要
The formation of organic films on gold employing N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) has been previously shown to be a useful strategy for generating stable organic films. However, NHCs or NHC precursors typically require inert atmosphere and harsh conditions for their generation and use. Herein we describe the use of benzimidazolium hydrogen carbonates as bench stable solid precursors for the preparation of NHC films in solution or by vapour-phase deposition from the solid state. The ability to prepare these films by vapour-phase deposition permitted the analysis of the films by a variety of surface science techniques, resulting in the first measurement of NHC desorption energy (158±10 kJ mol−1) and confirmation that the NHC sits upright on the surface. The use of these films in surface plasmon resonance-type biosensing is described, where they provide specific advantages versus traditional thiol-based films.
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