Fibrosarcoma in infants and children: a retrospective analysis – overdiagnosis in earlier years

During a 30-year period, 22 patients considered to have a fibrosarcoma (FS) were treated. In a retrospective study the clinicopathologic findings were summarized. With histologic and immunohistochemical re-evaluation, the diagnosis was confirmed in 8 cases. For 6 further patients FS was very probable but specimens were not available. In 8 cases the diagnosis was revised and benign lesions were found in 7. Two patients with irresectable tumors died (infantile FS, FS of mesentery and retroperitoneum). After repeated local recurrences and spread on the affected extremity, an amputation was life-saving in 1 boy. In earlier years many tumors were classified as FSs. Today, immunohistochemistry and molecular-biological methods are valuable tools to clearly identify these tumors. Wide local excision or en-bloc resection without sacrificing any significant function of the part should be the primary form of treatment in infants. Primary re-excision after incomplete excision should have priority over any adjuvant treatment. Preoperative chemotherapy may avoid incomplete resection or mutilation in cases with extended congenital FS.