Exact optical solitons in metamaterials with cubic–quintic nonlinearity and third-order dispersion

This work studies the propagation of optical solitons through nonlinear metamaterials in the presence of spatio-temporal dispersion, parabolic law nonlinearity (cubic–quintic nonlinearity), detuning, inter-modal dispersion, self-steepening, Raman effect, nonlinear dispersion and third-order dispersion. Two integration approaches that are the Riccati equation expansion method and the ansatz scheme are applied to extract exact solitons. Finally, analytical bright, dark as well as singular soliton solutions are reported along with their respective restrictions for the first time.