Endoluminal stenting for tracheal stenosis

This prospective clinical study evaluates the role of endoluminal stents in the maintenance of a tracheal lumen after management of stenosis. Tracheal stenosis may be due to a variety of causes, and it is a significant health problem. Most patients either remain tracheostomized for prolonged periods of time or undergo several major surgical interventions. The most common sequel is restenosis at the site of repair either after augmentation or resection anastomosis. In this study, 16 patients with different pathologies causing tracheal stenosis or collapse are presented. All patients had the tracheal lumen re-established either endoscopically or by an open procedure. The stent was then placed to support the site of repair and prevent restenosis. A patent well-epithelialized lumen was achieved in 11 cases with a follow-up of 3–24 months. Complications were encountered in five cases: three misplaced stents, one tracheal erosion with a Dumon stent and one granulomatous obstruction. The technique, complications and follow-up of these patients are described with recommendations for the management of such patients.