A Hybrid Reconfigurability Structure for a Novel 5G Monopole Antenna for Future Mobile Communications at 28/38 GHz

This study proposes a novel reconfigurable antenna for the millimeter-wave frequency spectrum. The proposed hybrid reconfigurable antenna is designed to reconfigure antenna parameters in compliance with wireless application specifications, such as frequency and radiation patterns. PIN Diodes as a switch are used to monitor the reconfiguration features i.e. adjusting the frequency response and radiation pattern of the antenna. For the desired goal, antenna is incorporated with three switches (S1, S2 & S3). The main beam of the antenna is guided by S1 and S2 which connects parasitic stubs H1 and H2 and the frequency is controlled by S3 between 28 and 38 GHz which connects patch P1 with P2. Proposed work is validated for 28 GHz and 38 GHz operational bands. When S3 is active (at ON state), the proposed antenna operates at 28 GHz resonant frequency with a reflection coefficient of − 32.3 dB and when S3 is in-active (at OFF state), it results in 38 GHz resonant frequency with a reflection coefficient of − 42.1 dB. RTDuroid5880 with εr=2.33\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$\varepsilon _{{\text{r}}} = 2.33$$\end{document}, tanδ=0.0009\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$\tan \delta = 0.0009$$\end{document} and thickness (h) of 0.506mm\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$0.506\,{\text{mm}}$$\end{document} and is excited through an inset feed. HFSS software is used for the simulation purpose.