A new lattice hydrodynamic model for bidirectional pedestrian flow with the consideration of pedestrian’s anticipation effect

Considering the effect of pedestrian’s anticipation, an extended lattice hydrodynamic model for bidirectional pedestrian flow with passing is proposed in this paper. The stability condition is obtained by the use of linear stability analysis. It is shown that the anticipation term can significantly enlarge the stability region on the phase diagram, and the passing term may reduce the stability region and aggravate the pedestrian jam. Based on nonlinear analysis method, the Burgers, Korteweg–de Vries and modified Korteweg–de Vries equations are derived to describe the shock waves, soliton waves and kink–antikink waves in the stable, metastable and unstable region, respectively. The theoretical results show that jams may be alleviated efficiently by considering the effect of pedestrian’s anticipation. Numerical simulations are carried out in order to verify the theoretical results.