Maternal zinc intake of Wistar rats has a protective effect in the alloxan-induced diabetic offspring

Zinc has a role in the synthesis, storage, and secretion of insulin, and has been suggested to be beneficial when used in the diabetic state. Effect of zinc intake in pregnant rats has been studied here on diabetized offspring. Pregnant rats were divided in two groups; the control group received normal food and water, and the experimental group received zinc sulfate during pregnancy and 3 weeks after offspring birth. Male offspring from the control (C) and experimental (E) groups were divided each in three groups: C1, fed with normal food and water; C2, diabetized with alloxan; C3, received zinc sulfate; E1, fed with normal food and water; E2, diabetized with alloxan; and E3, receiving zinc sulfate. After 30 days, the histological changes of pancreatic tissues were investigated by light microscopy. Body weight, blood glucose, serum insulin levels, food intake, water intake, and urine quantity were also compared between the groups. Water intake and urine quantity were decreased significantly (p < 0.01and p < 0.001) in E2 (experimental diabetic group) in comparison with C2 (control diabetic group), but there was no significant difference in the body weight in C2 in comparison with E2, while blood glucose was decreased significantly (p < 0.001) and blood insulin level was increased significantly (p < 0.01) in E2 in comparison with C2. Microscopic evaluation of pancreas showed that E2 were protected against alloxan-induced beta-cell degeneration. In conclusion, this work showed that maternal zinc intake may influence subsequent deleterious effects of diabetes on alloxan-diabetized offspring.