Groupthink

被引:0
|
作者
Jeffrey Sanford Russell
John Hawthorne
Lara Buchak
机构
[1] University of Oxford,Magdalen College
[2] University of California,undefined
[3] Berkeley,undefined
来源
Philosophical Studies | 2015年 / 172卷
关键词
Credence aggregation; Formal epistemology; Social epistemology; Conditionalization; Disagreement;
D O I
暂无
中图分类号
学科分类号
摘要
How should a group with different opinions (but the same values) make decisions? In a Bayesian setting, the natural question is how to aggregate credences: how to use a single credence function to naturally represent a collection of different credence functions. An extension of the standard Dutch-book arguments that apply to individual decision-makers recommends that group credences should be updated by conditionalization. This imposes a constraint on what aggregation rules can be like. Taking conditionalization as a basic constraint, we gather lessons from the established work on credence aggregation, and extend this work with two new impossibility results. We then explore contrasting features of two kinds of rules that satisfy the constraints we articulate: one kind uses fixed prior credences, and the other uses geometric averaging, as opposed to arithmetic averaging. We also prove a new characterisation result for geometric averaging. Finally we consider applications to neighboring philosophical issues, including the epistemology of disagreement.
引用
收藏
页码:1287 / 1309
页数:22
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