Atmospheric response to the North Atlantic Ocean variability on seasonal to decadal time scales

被引:3
作者
Guillaume Gastineau
Fabio D’Andrea
Claude Frankignoul
机构
[1] Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6,Laboratoire d’Océanographie et du Climat: Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN)
[2] IPSL/CNRS,Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (LMD)
[3] IPSL/CNRS,undefined
来源
Climate Dynamics | 2013年 / 40卷
关键词
Air-sea interactions; North Atlantic; AMOC; Decadal variability;
D O I
暂无
中图分类号
学科分类号
摘要
The NCEP twentieth century reanalyis and a 500-year control simulation with the IPSL-CM5 climate model are used to assess the influence of ocean-atmosphere coupling in the North Atlantic region at seasonal to decadal time scales. At the seasonal scale, the air-sea interaction patterns are similar in the model and observations. In both, a statistically significant summer sea surface temperature (SST) anomaly with a horseshoe shape leads an atmospheric signal that resembles the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) during the winter. The air-sea interactions in the model thus seem realistic, although the amplitude of the atmospheric signal is half that observed, and it is detected throughout the cold season, while it is significant only in late fall and early winter in the observations. In both model and observations, the North Atlantic horseshoe SST anomaly pattern is in part generated by the spring and summer internal atmospheric variability. In the model, the influence of the ocean dynamics can be assessed and is found to contribute to the SST anomaly, in particular at the decadal scale. Indeed, the North Atlantic SST anomalies that follow an intensification of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) by about 9 years, or an intensification of a clockwise intergyre gyre in the Atlantic Ocean by 6 years, resemble the horseshoe pattern, and are also similar to the model Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO). As the AMOC is shown to have a significant impact on the winter NAO, most strongly when it leads by 9 years, the decadal interactions in the model are consistent with the seasonal analysis. In the observations, there is also a strong correlation between the AMO and the SST horseshoe pattern that influences the NAO. The analogy with the coupled model suggests that the natural variability of the AMOC and the gyre circulation might influence the climate of the North Atlantic region at the decadal scale.
引用
收藏
页码:2311 / 2330
页数:19
相关论文
共 180 条
[11]  
Dymnikov V(2011)The twentieth century reanalysis project Q J R Meteorol Soc 137 1-938
[12]  
Wallace J(2007)Temporal variability of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation at 26.5N Science 317 935-2972
[13]  
Bladé I(1999)Influence of the North Atlantic SST on the atmospheric circulation Geophys Res Lett 26 2969-623
[14]  
Bretherton CS(2002)Observed impact of Atlantic SST anomalies on the North Atlantic oscillation J Climate 15 606-1916
[15]  
Smith C(2001)Observations of atmosphere-ocean coupling in the North Atlantic Q J R Meteorol Soc 127 1893-3290
[16]  
Wallace JM(2002)A diagnostic study of the role of remote forcing in tropical Atlantic variability J Climate 15 3280-5544
[17]  
Cassou C(2008)On multidecadal variability of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation in the community climate system model version 3 J Climate 21 5524-4969
[18]  
Deser C(2005)Impact of anomalous ocean heat transport on the North Atlantic oscillation J Climate 18 4955-1495
[19]  
Alexander MA(2000)Multidecadal thermohaline circulation variability driven by atmospheric surface flux forcing J Climate 13 1481-143
[20]  
Cayan DR(2009)Sea surface temperature variability: patterns and mechanisms Annu Rev Marine Sci 2 115-4767