Urological aspects in patients with liver cirrhosis

Patients with liver cirrhosis (LC) are multimorbid and have urological diseases that occur more often than in the general population. The short life expectancy and poor general health complicate diagnosis and treatment. Due to the rising prevalence of LC, the number of patients from this group will increasingly present to urological practices. There are only a few studies about urological diseases in LC which describe the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges in this patient group. LC patients have altered baseline PSA values, which must be considered in PSA monitoring as part of preventative prostate care. In addition, difficulties arise in diagnosis and treatment of bladder dysfunction, genitourinary infections/sepsis, hypogonadism, erectile dysfunction, and urological malignancies. The implementation of invasive/tumor surgical interventions depends on LC severity. The safest surgical approach possible should be used. The worldwide prevalence of LC continues to rise but urological diagnosis and therapy in affected patients is often complicated due to their poor performance status.