Central venous-to-arterial carbon dioxide difference: an additional target for goal-directed therapy in septic shock?

Dellinger RP(2004)Surviving Sepsis Campaign guidelines for management of severe sepsis and septic shock Crit Care Med 32 858-873

Carlet JM(2001)Early goal-directed therapy in the treatment of severe sepsis and septic shock N Engl J Med 345 1368-1377

Masur H(2006)Mixed venous oxygen saturation cannot be estimated by central venous oxygen saturation in septic shock Intensive Care Med 32 1336-1343

Gerlach H(2008)The incidence of low venous oxygen saturation on admission to the intensive care unit: a multi-center observational study in The Netherlands Crit Care 12 R33-1377

Calandra T(1999)Microcirculatory oxygenation and shunting in sepsis and shock Crit Care Med 27 1369-175

Cohen J(2002)Cytopathic hypoxia. Is oxygen use impaired in sepsis as a result of an acquired intrinsic derangement in cellular respiration? Crit Care Clin 18 165-454

Gea-Banacloche J(2007)The hemodynamic “target”: a visual tool of goal-directed therapy for septic patients Clinics 62 447-285

Keh D(2001)Central venous and mixed venous oxygen saturation in critically ill patients Respiration 68 279-350

Marshall JC(1995)Venous-arterial PCO Minerva Anestesiol 61 345-582

Parker MM(1991) and pH gradients in acutely ill postsurgical patients Anesth Analg 73 576-221

Dellinger RP(2004)Surviving Sepsis Campaign guidelines for management of severe sepsis and septic shock Crit Care Med 32 858-873

Carlet JM(2001)Early goal-directed therapy in the treatment of severe sepsis and septic shock N Engl J Med 345 1368-1377

Masur H(2006)Mixed venous oxygen saturation cannot be estimated by central venous oxygen saturation in septic shock Intensive Care Med 32 1336-1343

Gerlach H(2008)The incidence of low venous oxygen saturation on admission to the intensive care unit: a multi-center observational study in The Netherlands Crit Care 12 R33-1377

Calandra T(1999)Microcirculatory oxygenation and shunting in sepsis and shock Crit Care Med 27 1369-175

Cohen J(2002)Cytopathic hypoxia. Is oxygen use impaired in sepsis as a result of an acquired intrinsic derangement in cellular respiration? Crit Care Clin 18 165-454

Gea-Banacloche J(2007)The hemodynamic “target”: a visual tool of goal-directed therapy for septic patients Clinics 62 447-285

Keh D(2001)Central venous and mixed venous oxygen saturation in critically ill patients Respiration 68 279-350

Marshall JC(1995)Venous-arterial PCO Minerva Anestesiol 61 345-582

Parker MM(1991) and pH gradients in acutely ill postsurgical patients Anesth Analg 73 576-221