Degradation of Phenanthrene by Mutant Naphthalene-Degrading Pseudomonas putida Strains

Five naphthalene- and salicylate-utilizing Pseudomonas putida strains cultivated for a long time on phenanthrene produced mutants capable of growing on this substrate and 1-hydroxy-2-naphthoate as the sole sources of carbon and energy. The mutants catabolize phenanthrene with the formation of 1-hydroxy-2-naphthoate, 2-hydroxy-1-naphthoate, salicylate, and catechol. The latter products are further metabolized by the meta- and ortho-cleavage pathways. In all five mutants, naphthalene and phenanthrene are utilized with the involvement of plasmid-born genes. The acquired ability of naphthalene-degrading strains to grow on phenanthrene is explained by the fact that the inducible character of the synthesis of naphthalene dioxygenase, the key enzyme of naphthalene and phenanthrene degradation, becomes constitutive.