Vaginal Birth and Pelvic Floor Trauma

[11] Schaffer J(2005)Levator trauma after vaginal delivery Obstet Gynecol 106 707-712

[12] Hendrix S(2006)The prevalence of major abnormalities of the levator ani in urogynaecological patients BJOG Int J Obstet Gynaecol 113 225-230

[13] Clark A(2007)Avulsion of the pubovisceral muscle associated with large vaginal tear after normal vaginal delivery at term Aust NZ J Obstet Gynaecol. 47 341-344

[14] Nygaard I(2009)A high resolution 3D study of the female pelvis reveals important anatomical and pathological details of the pelvic floor Neurourol Urodyn 28 668-670

[15] Aragaki A(2004)Levator ani muscle stretch induced by simulated vaginal birth Obstet Gynecol 103 31-40

[16] Barnabei V(2009)How much does the levator hiatus have to stretch during childbirth? Br J Obstet Gynaecol 116 1657-1662

[17] McTiernan A(2005)Levator trauma after vaginal delivery Obstet Gynecol 106 707-712

[18] Rortveit G(2010)Intrapartum risk factors of levator trauma Br J Obstet Gynaecol 117 1485-1492

[19] Hannestad YS(2016)Does the Epi-No birth trainer prevent vaginal birth-related pelvic floor trauma? A multicentre prospective randomised controlled trial BJOG. 123 995-1003

[20] Daltveit AK(2012)Prevalence of levator ani muscle injury in Chinese women after first delivery UOG. 39 704-709

[11] Schaffer J(2005)Levator trauma after vaginal delivery Obstet Gynecol 106 707-712

[12] Hendrix S(2006)The prevalence of major abnormalities of the levator ani in urogynaecological patients BJOG Int J Obstet Gynaecol 113 225-230

[13] Clark A(2007)Avulsion of the pubovisceral muscle associated with large vaginal tear after normal vaginal delivery at term Aust NZ J Obstet Gynaecol. 47 341-344

[14] Nygaard I(2009)A high resolution 3D study of the female pelvis reveals important anatomical and pathological details of the pelvic floor Neurourol Urodyn 28 668-670

[15] Aragaki A(2004)Levator ani muscle stretch induced by simulated vaginal birth Obstet Gynecol 103 31-40

[16] Barnabei V(2009)How much does the levator hiatus have to stretch during childbirth? Br J Obstet Gynaecol 116 1657-1662

[17] McTiernan A(2005)Levator trauma after vaginal delivery Obstet Gynecol 106 707-712

[18] Rortveit G(2010)Intrapartum risk factors of levator trauma Br J Obstet Gynaecol 117 1485-1492

[19] Hannestad YS(2016)Does the Epi-No birth trainer prevent vaginal birth-related pelvic floor trauma? A multicentre prospective randomised controlled trial BJOG. 123 995-1003

[20] Daltveit AK(2012)Prevalence of levator ani muscle injury in Chinese women after first delivery UOG. 39 704-709