The Effect of Complex Anions on the Structure of Water

The microscopic ionic volumes, vA, of complex inorganic anions, obtained from crystal unit cell volumes, as well as their standard molar volumes, VA∞\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$ V_{\text{A}}^{\infty } $$\end{document}, in aqueous solutions serve to establish whether these anions are water-structure-breakers or -makers. This is done via correlations with well known criteria for such effects, namely the ionic viscosity B-coefficients and the structural entropies. Complex anions with charges zA are structure-breakers if vA > 0.1|zA| nm3·ion−1 or VA∞\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$ V_{\text{A}}^{\infty } $$\end{document} > 35|zA|4/3 cm3·mol−1 and structure-makers if otherwise.