The Governance of the Mitigation of the Baltic Sea Eutrophication: Exploring the Challenges of the Formal Governing System

被引：0

作者：

Nina Tynkkynen

Paula Schönach

Mia Pihlajamäki

Dmitry Nechiporuk

机构：

[1] University of Tampere,School of Management

[2] University of Helsinki,Department of Environmental Sciences

[3] Finnish Environment Institute,Environmental Policy Centre, Environmental Governance Studies Unit

[4] National Research University,Center for Historical Research, Higher School of Economics

来源：

AMBIO | 2014年 / 43卷

关键词：

Baltic Sea; Environmental policy; Eutrophication; Governance;

D O I：

暂无

中图分类号：

学科分类号：

摘要：

This article focuses on the governing system of the mitigation of eutrophication in the Baltic Sea. Policies and measures of the Baltic Sea coastal countries, the macro--regional (HELCOM) level, and the level of the European Union are described and governance challenges explicated. We found that the main challenges at different governance levels include: differences between coastal countries in terms of environmental conditions including environmental awareness, overlaps of policies between different levels, the lack of adequate spatial and temporal specification of policies, and the lack of policy integration. To help to meet these challenges, we suggest closer involvement of stakeholders and the public, the improvement of the interplay of institutions, and the introduction of a “primus motor” for the governance of the mitigation of eutrophication in the Baltic Sea.

引用

页码：105 / 114

页数：9

共 18 条

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