Biological causes of immunogenic cancer cell death (ICD) and anti-tumor therapy; Combination of Oncolytic virus-based immunotherapy and CAR T-cell therapy for ICD induction

被引：0
作者：
Amirhossein Mardi
Anastasia V. Shirokova
Rebar N. Mohammed
Ali Keshavarz
Angelina O. Zekiy
Lakshmi Thangavelu
Talar Ahmad Merza Mohamad
Faroogh Marofi
Navid Shomali
Amir Zamani
Morteza Akbari
机构：
[1] Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine
[2] I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University),Department of Prosthetic Dentistry
[3] College of Health Science,Medical Laboratory Analysis Department
[4] Cihan University of Sulaimaniya,College of. Veterinary Medicine
[5] University of Sulaimani,Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences
[6] Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences,Department of Pharmacology
[7] Saveetha Dental College,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology
[8] Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science,Immunology Research Center
[9] Saveetha University,Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine
[10] Clinical Pharmacy,Shiraz Transplant Center
[11] Hawler Medical University,Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences
[12] College of Pharmacy,undefined
[13] Tabriz University of Medical Sciences,undefined
[14] Tabriz University of Medical Sciences,undefined
[15] Abu Ali Sina Hospital,undefined
[16] Shiraz University of Medical Sciences,undefined
[17] Tabriz University of Medical Sciences,undefined
来源：
Cancer Cell International | / 22卷
关键词：
Oncolytic virus (OV); Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy; Immunogenic cancer cell death (ICD); Immunotherapy;
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摘要：
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy is a promising and rapidly expanding therapeutic option for a wide range of human malignancies. Despite the ongoing progress of CAR T-cell therapy in hematologic malignancies, the application of this therapeutic strategy in solid tumors has encountered several challenges due to antigen heterogeneity, suboptimal CAR T-cell trafficking, and the immunosuppressive features of the tumor microenvironment (TME). Oncolytic virotherapy is a novel cancer therapy that employs competent or genetically modified oncolytic viruses (OVs) to preferentially proliferate in tumor cells. OVs in combination with CAR T-cells are promising candidates for overcoming the current drawbacks of CAR T-cell application in tumors through triggering immunogenic cell death (ICD) in cancer cells. ICD is a type of cellular death in which danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and tumor-specific antigens are released, leading to the stimulation of potent anti-cancer immunity. In the present review, we discuss the biological causes of ICD, different types of ICD, and the synergistic combination of OVs and CAR T-cells to reach potent tumor-specific immunity.
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