Physico-Chemical and Technological Aspects of the Use of Catalysts During In-Situ Combustion for the Production of High-Viscosity Crude Oils and Natural Bitumens

A review of recent publications shows rapid development of the in-situ combustion method for the production of high-viscosity crude oils and natural bitumens. Technologies have been developed for application of in-situ combustion after steam-assisted gravity drainage. The use of catalysts is becoming more and more important. We explain the catalytic effect of clays and metals on low-temperature and high-temperature combustion processes.