Low power FGMOS-based four-quadrant current multiplier circuits

In this paper, low-power, high-speed four-quadrant analog multiplier circuits have been presented, based on simple current squarer circuits. The squarer circuits consist of a floating-gate MOS transistor, operating in saturation region plus a resistor. These multipliers have a unique property of greatly reduced power as they do not have any bias currents. For performance evaluation, the designs are simulated using HSPICE software in 0.18 µm (level-49 parameters) TSMC CMOS technology. Using ± 0.5 V DC supply voltages for the first design, the simulation resulted in a maximum linearity error of 0.8%, the − 3 dB bandwidth of 635 MHz, the Total Harmonic Distortion of 0.57% (at 1 MHz), and maximum and static power consumption of 40.4 and 5.75 µW, respectively. Corresponding values for the second design with 1 V DC supply voltage are 0.4%, 394.8 MHz, 0.72%, 44 and 11.4 µW, respectively. Furthermore, in order to verify the robustness and reliability of the proposed works, Monte Carlo analysis are performed. For the mentioned analysis, 5% variations in channel width and length, gate oxide thickness and threshold voltage of all transistors and resistance values are considered.