Chinese red yeast rice (Monascus purpureus) for primary hyperlipidemia: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

被引：144
作者：
Liu J. [1 ,4 ]
Zhang J. [2 ]
Shi Y. [3 ]
Grimsgaard S. [1 ]
Alraek T. [1 ]
Fønnebø V. [1 ]
机构：
[1] National Research Centre in Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NAFKAM), University of Tromso
[2] Evidence-Based Medicine Centre in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Pudong, Shanghai 201203
[3] The Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Literature, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Pudong, Shanghai 201203
[4] Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine Research Centre, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine
来源：
Chinese Medicine | / 1卷 / 1期
关键词：
Pravastatin; Lovastatin; Fenofibrate; Fluvastatin; Total Cholesterol Level;
D O I：
10.1186/1749-8546-1-4
中图分类号：
学科分类号：
摘要：
Extracts of Chinese red yeast rice (RYR, a traditional dietary seasoning of Monascus purpureus) contains several active ingredients including lovastatin, and several trials of its possible lipid-lowering effects have been conducted. This meta-analysis assesses the effectiveness and safety of RYR preparations on lipid modification in primary hyperlipidemia. We included randomized controlled trials testing RYR preparation, compared with placebo, no treatment, statins, or other active lipid-lowering agents in people with hyperlipidemia through searching PubMed, CBMdisk, TCMLARS, the Cochrane Library, and AMED up to December 2004. Ninety-three randomized trials (9625 participants) were included and three RYR preparations (Cholestin, Xuezhikang and Zhibituo) were tested. The methodological quality of trial reports was generally low in terms of generation of the allocation sequence, allocation concealment, blinding, and intention-to-treat. The combined results showed significant reduction of serum total cholesterol levels (weighted mean difference -0.91 mmol/L, 95% confidence interval -1.12 to -0.71), triglycerides levels (-0.41 mmol/L, -0.6 to -0.22), and LDL-cholesterol levels (-0.73 mmol/L, -1.02 to -0.043), and increase of HDL-cholesterol levels (0.15 mmol/L, 0.09 to 0.22) by RYR treatment compared with placebo. The lipid modification effects appeared to be similar to pravastatin, simvastatin, lovastatin, atorvastatin, or fluvastatin. Compared with non-statin lipid lowering agents, RYR preparations appeared superior to nicotinate and fish oils, but equal to or less effective than fenofibrate and gemfibrozil. No significant difference in lipid profile was found between Xuezhikang and Zhibituo. RYR preparations were associated with non-serious adverse effects such as dizziness and gastrointestinal discomfort. Current evidence shows short-term beneficial effects of RYR preparations on lipid modification. More rigorous trials are needed, and long-term effects and safety should be investigated if RYR preparations are to be recommended as one of the alternative treatments for primary hyperlipidemia. © 2006 Liu et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.
引用
收藏
相关论文
共 112 条
  • [1] Monascus purpureus (monograph), Altern Med Rev, 9, 2, pp. 208-210, (2004)
  • [2] Ma J., Li Y., Ye Q., Li J., Hua Y., Ju D., Zhang D., Cooper R., Chang M., Constituents of red yeast rice, a traditional Chinese food and medicine, J Agric Food Chem, 48, 11, pp. 5220-5225, (2000)
  • [3] Patrick L., Uzick M., Cardiovascular disease: C-reactive protein and the inflammatory disease paradigm: HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, alpha-tocopherol, red yeast rice, and olive oil polyphenols. A review of the literature, Altern Med Rev, 6, 3, pp. 248-271, (2001)
  • [4] Heber D., Lembertas A., Lu Q.Y., Bowerman S., Go V.L., An analysis of nine proprietary Chinese red yeast rice dietary supplements: Implications of variability in chemical profile and contents, J Altern Complement Med, 7, 2, pp. 133-139, (2001)
  • [5] Wang J., Lu Z., Chi J., Wang W., Su M., Kou W., Yu P., Yu L., Chen L., Zhu J.S., Chang J., Multicenter clinical trial of the serum lipid-lowering effects of a Monascus purpureus (red yeast) rice preparation from traditional Chinese medicine, Cur Ther Res, 58, pp. 964-978, (1997)
  • [6] Kou W.R., Lu Z.L., Guo J.X., Li H.Y., Xue S.W., Lin Y.Z., Wu X.S., Chen H., Effect of Xuezhikang on the treatment of primary hyperlipidemia, Zhonghua Neike Zazhi, 36, 8, pp. 529-531, (1997)
  • [7] Heber D., Yip I., Ashley J.M., Elashoff D.A., Elashoff R.M., Go V.L., Cholesterol-lowering effects of a proprietary Chinese red-yeast-rice dietary supplement, Am J Chin Nutr, 69, 2, pp. 231-236, (1999)
  • [8] Shen Z.W., Yu P.L., Sun M.Z., Chi J.M., Zhou Y.F., Zhu X.S., Yang C.Y., He C.F., Prospective study of Xuezhikang for treatment of primary hyperlipidemia, Natl Med J China, 76, 2, pp. 156-157, (1996)
  • [9] Liu S.S., Kou M.K., Ding H., Li C.M., He L., He L., Zhang C.M., Li Y.F., Li Z.F., Yang M.J., The clinical observation of hyperlipoproteinemia treated with Zhibituo, Chengdu Zhongyiyao Daxue Xuebao, 19, 3, pp. 12-15, (1996)
  • [10] Kreisberg R.A., Oberman A., Medical management of hyperlipidemia/dyslipidemia, J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 88, 6, pp. 2445-2461, (2003)
12345678910