Modeling of pulsatile EMHD flow of Au-blood in an inclined porous tapered atherosclerotic vessel under periodic body acceleration

A theoretical study on the pulsatile flow of Sutterby nanofluid in an inclined porous tapered arterial stenosis under the simultaneous impact of electro-osmotic , magnetohydrodynamic and periodic body forces with slip effect at the arterial wall is presented. Gold (Au) nanoparticles with various shapes (spheres, bricks, cylinders, platelets and blades) are utilized in the analysis. Poisson–Boltzmann equation is used to encounter the phenomena of the applied electric field. By assuming the low zeta potential on the walls, Debye–Hückel approximation is adapted to linearize the Poisson–Boltzmann equation, and then closed-form solution for the electric potential function is obtained. Under the assumption of small Reynolds number and mild stenoses case, the equations that govern the flow are made non-dimensional, and a suitable radial coordinate transformation is used to convert the irregular boundary to a regular boundary. The analytical expression for temperature profile is obtained via Laplace and finite Hankel transforms, from which Nusselt number is derived while the velocity profile is computed numerically employing a Crank–Nicolson scheme with the appropriate boundary and initial conditions. The physical aspect of various emerging parameters is analyzed through various graphs and tables for profiles of dimensionless velocity, temperature, volumetric flow flux, flow impedance, skin-friction coefficient and Nusselt number. It is found that an upsurge in the electro-osmotic parameter serves to reduce the hemodynamic factors (skin-friction and impedance) substantially, whereas an adverse trend is noticed for the Hartmann number. It is also deduced that the utilization of the spherical shape nanoparticles shows the higher heat flux at the stenosed arterial wall compared to the other nanoparticle shapes, and hence, nanoparticles and their shapes play a prominent role in biomedical applications. In order to validate the current results, different comparisons have been made with earlier published studies in a limiting case and an excellent agreement was found.