Manage the neuropsychiatric manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus with mostly empirical treatments

[1] Postal M., Ltl C., Appenzeller S., Neuropsychiatric manifestations in systemic lupus erythematosus: Epidemiology, pathophy-siology and management, CNS Drugs, 25, 9, pp. 721-736, (2011)

[2] Bertsias G.K., Ioannidis J.P., Aringer M., Et al., EULAR recommendations for the management of systemic lupus erythematosus with neuropsychiatric manifestations: Report of a task force of the EULAR standing committee for clinical affairs, Ann Rheum Dis, 69, 12, pp. 2074-2082, (2010)

[3] The American College of Rheumatology nomenclature and case definitions for neuropsychiatric lupus syndromes, Arthritis Rheum, 42, 4, pp. 599-608, (1999)

[4] Bertsias G.K., Boumpas D.T., Pathogenesis, diagnosis and management of neuropsychiatric SLE manifestations, Nat Rev Rheumatol, 6, 6, pp. 358-367, (2010)

[5] Hanly J.G., McCurdy G., Fougere L., Douglas J.-A., Thompson K., Neuropsychiatric events in systemic lupus erythematosus: Attribution and clinical significance, Journal of Rheumatology, 31, 11, pp. 2156-2162, (2004)

[6] Hanly J.G., Harrison M.J., Management of neuropsychiatric lupus, Best Practice and Research: Clinical Rheumatology, 19, SPEC. ISS., pp. 799-821, (2005)

[7] Sanna G., Bertolaccini M.L., Mathieu A., Central nervous system lupus: A clinical approach to therapy, Lupus, 12, 12, pp. 935-942, (2003)

[8] Barile-Fabris L., Ariza-Andraca R., Olguin-Ortega L., Jara L.J., Fraga-Mouret A., Miranda-Limon J.M., Fuentes De La Mata J., Clark P., Vargas F., Alcocer-Varela J., Controlled clinical trial of IV cyclophosphamide versus IV methylprednisolone in severe neurological manifestations in systemic lupus erythematosus, Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 64, 4, pp. 620-625, (2005)

[9] Heinlein A.C., Gertner E., Marked inflammation in catastrophic longitudinal myelitis associated with systemic lupus erythematosus, Lupus, 16, 10, pp. 823-826, (2007)

[10] Crowther M.A., Ginsberg J.S., Julian J., Denburg J., Hirsh J., Douketis J., Laskin C., Fortin P., Anderson D., Kearon C., Clarke A., Geerts W., Forgie M., Green D., Costantini L., Yacura W., Wilson S., Gent M., Kovacs M.J., A comparison of two intensities of warfarin for the prevention of recurrent thrombosis in patients with the antiphospholipid antibody syndrome, New England Journal of Medicine, 349, 12, pp. 1133-1138, (2003)

[1] Postal M., Ltl C., Appenzeller S., Neuropsychiatric manifestations in systemic lupus erythematosus: Epidemiology, pathophy-siology and management, CNS Drugs, 25, 9, pp. 721-736, (2011)

[2] Bertsias G.K., Ioannidis J.P., Aringer M., Et al., EULAR recommendations for the management of systemic lupus erythematosus with neuropsychiatric manifestations: Report of a task force of the EULAR standing committee for clinical affairs, Ann Rheum Dis, 69, 12, pp. 2074-2082, (2010)

[3] The American College of Rheumatology nomenclature and case definitions for neuropsychiatric lupus syndromes, Arthritis Rheum, 42, 4, pp. 599-608, (1999)

[4] Bertsias G.K., Boumpas D.T., Pathogenesis, diagnosis and management of neuropsychiatric SLE manifestations, Nat Rev Rheumatol, 6, 6, pp. 358-367, (2010)

[5] Hanly J.G., McCurdy G., Fougere L., Douglas J.-A., Thompson K., Neuropsychiatric events in systemic lupus erythematosus: Attribution and clinical significance, Journal of Rheumatology, 31, 11, pp. 2156-2162, (2004)

[6] Hanly J.G., Harrison M.J., Management of neuropsychiatric lupus, Best Practice and Research: Clinical Rheumatology, 19, SPEC. ISS., pp. 799-821, (2005)

[7] Sanna G., Bertolaccini M.L., Mathieu A., Central nervous system lupus: A clinical approach to therapy, Lupus, 12, 12, pp. 935-942, (2003)

[8] Barile-Fabris L., Ariza-Andraca R., Olguin-Ortega L., Jara L.J., Fraga-Mouret A., Miranda-Limon J.M., Fuentes De La Mata J., Clark P., Vargas F., Alcocer-Varela J., Controlled clinical trial of IV cyclophosphamide versus IV methylprednisolone in severe neurological manifestations in systemic lupus erythematosus, Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 64, 4, pp. 620-625, (2005)

[9] Heinlein A.C., Gertner E., Marked inflammation in catastrophic longitudinal myelitis associated with systemic lupus erythematosus, Lupus, 16, 10, pp. 823-826, (2007)

[10] Crowther M.A., Ginsberg J.S., Julian J., Denburg J., Hirsh J., Douketis J., Laskin C., Fortin P., Anderson D., Kearon C., Clarke A., Geerts W., Forgie M., Green D., Costantini L., Yacura W., Wilson S., Gent M., Kovacs M.J., A comparison of two intensities of warfarin for the prevention of recurrent thrombosis in patients with the antiphospholipid antibody syndrome, New England Journal of Medicine, 349, 12, pp. 1133-1138, (2003)